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Post-Publication Corrections and Retractions Policy


All requests for post-publication corrections undergo editorial review. The Editors-in-Chief assesses the need and appropriateness of corrections based on the type of error, its impact on the article, and supporting evidence. If approved, the correction will be reflected in the journal’s archive. The journal follows COPE guidelines in handling such cases.

Article Withdrawal (Pre-Publication)

Withdrawals apply only to articles in press—early versions that may contain errors, duplicate submissions, or ethical violations (e.g., multiple submissions, fraudulent data, or plagiarism). Withdrawn articles will have their HTML and PDF versions removed and replaced with a statement indicating the withdrawal, along with a link to the journal’s withdrawal policy.
Article Retraction (Post-Publication)

Retractions are issued in cases of serious ethical breaches, such as plagiarism, data fabrication, misattributed authorship, or unauthorized publication. Retraction notices include:

 
 
  • Retraction notice including article title is published in a subsequent issue of the journal. The retraction notice is paginated and listed in the table of contents. 
  • A link is provided between the retraction notice and the original article in the electronic version. 
  • The online article is preceded by a page containing the retraction notice; the reader can then proceed to the article itself.
  • The original article remains unchanged, except for a watermark on the .pdf on each page stating that it has been "retracted”.

Article Removal (Legal & Safety Concerns)

In exceptional cases, an article may be permanently removed due to legal obligations, court orders, defamation risks, or significant health and safety concerns. While metadata (title and authorship details) will remain accessible, the article itself will be replaced with a legal notice explaining the removal.
Article Replacement

If an article poses a significant health risk, authors may request a replacement with a corrected version. In such cases, a retraction notice will be issued, including a link to the revised article to maintain transparency in academic record-keeping.