Authorship and Ethical Responsibilities

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their submissions comply with scientific and ethical standards. They must guarantee the originality of their work and confirm that the manuscript has not been previously published or is under consideration for publication elsewhere in any language. Copyright laws and conventions must be observed, and any copyrighted material (such as tables, figures, or extensive quotations) should only be reproduced with proper permission and citation. All references to the work of others must be appropriately credited.

All listed authors must have made a substantial scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. An author is defined as someone who has played a significant role in the conceptualization and design of the study, data collection, data analysis, manuscript writing, critical revision, or planning and execution of the research. Tasks such as fundraising, data collection, or general supervision of the research team do not, on their own, qualify an individual for authorship. All authors must meet the specified authorship criteria, and the order of names should be a mutual decision.

Individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but have contributed to the study in other ways—such as providing technical support, assisting with writing, offering general guidance, or supplying materials or financial support—should be acknowledged in the appropriate section of the manuscript.

Authors are also required to disclose any financial relationships, conflicts of interest, or competing interests that could potentially influence the research findings or scientific judgment.

If an author identifies a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, they are responsible for promptly notifying the Editor and cooperating to correct or retract the publication as necessary.